Mendell 2020 — Phase 1/2 Trial of rAAVrh74.MHCK7.micro-dystrophin in DMD Children

Citation: Mendell JR, et al. (2020). “Assessment of Systemic Delivery of rAAVrh74.MHCK7.micro-dystrophin in Children With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.” JAMA Neurology, 77(9), 1122–1131.
DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.1484
PMC: PMC7296461
File: ~/BookLibrary/incoming/Mendell_2020_rAAVrh74-micro-dystrophin-DMD-phase1-2_JAMA-Neurol.pdf

Key Findings

  • First human Phase 1/2 trial of systemic AAV gene therapy for DMD
  • 4 patients aged 3-7 years, IV infusion 2×10^14 vg/kg
  • Safety: manageable immune responses (corticosteroid protocol), no serious AAV-related adverse events
  • Efficacy: micro-dystrophin expression in muscle (up to 74% of fibers), functional improvements at 12 months
  • Serotype rAAVrh74 chosen for low pre-existing immunity + efficient muscle transduction

Safety Profile (Critical for STRC Planning)

  • Dose-limiting concern: elevated liver enzymes (transient, steroid-managed)
  • T-cell response to AAV capsid — managed with prophylactic immunosuppression
  • No antibody seroconversion leading to loss of expression at 12 months
  • Pediatric safety profile better than adults (lower pre-existing immunity)

Clinical Trial Design Lessons

  1. Start with lowest safe dose, escalate
  2. Prophylactic corticosteroids (prednisone 1 mg/kg starting day of infusion)
  3. Monitor: LFTs, CBC, CMV, AAV antibodies
  4. Endpoint: protein expression (immunofluorescence + Western), functional tests (motor for DMD, ABR/DPOAE for hearing)
  5. Efficacy at 1 year = basis for accelerated approval

Relevance to STRC/DFNB16

  • Cochlear delivery is local (not systemic) → likely lower immunogenic load
  • But pediatric age window matters: Misha is ~4-5 now → ideally in trial by age 7-10 before OHC structural changes
  • rAAVrh74 not optimal for cochlea (vs. Anc80L65) but immunogenicity data is valuable
  • STRC Phase 1 trial design will likely mirror this: 3-5 patients, local cochlear injection, ABR+DPOAE endpoints

Connections